<h2>Disaccharides</h2>
<p><strong>Disaccharides</strong> (di- = “two”) form when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration reaction (also known as a condensation reaction or dehydration synthesis). During this process, the hydroxyl group of one monosaccharide combines with the <a data-lesson="hydrogen-bonds-and-van-der-waals-interactions" data-subject="biology" data-tutorial="chemical-foundation-of-life" href="https://app.ulearngo.com/biology/chemical-foundation-of-life/hydrogen-bonds-and-van-der-waals-interactions">hydrogen</a> of another monosaccharide, thus, releasing a molecule of water and forming a covalent bond.</p>
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_95307" style="width: 575px"><a href="https://data.ulearngo.com/assets/7011d895-0188-4527-b5b1-9e7e2b8c6476"><img alt="glycosidic-bond" class="size-full wp-image-95307" height="625" src="https://data.ulearngo.com/assets/7011d895-0188-4527-b5b1-9e7e2b8c6476" width="575"/></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Sucrose forms when a monomer of glucose and a monomer of fructose join in a dehydration reaction to form a glycosidic bond. Basically, a water molecule is lost in the process. By convention, we number the carbon atoms in a monosaccharide from the terminal carbon closest to the carbonyl group. In sucrose, a glycosidic linkage forms between carbon 1 in glucose and carbon 2 in fructose. Image Attribution: OpenStax Biology / <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a></p></div>
<p>A covalent bond formed between a carbohydrate molecule and another molecule (in this case, between two monosaccharides) is known as a <strong>glycosidic bond</strong> (<a href="#attachment_95307">see image above</a>). Glycosidic bonds (also called glycosidic linkages) can be of the alpha or the beta type.</p>
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_95310" style="width: 678px"><a href="https://data.ulearngo.com/assets/3297c28f-cc47-4ed3-8dee-582942303ee4"><img alt="disaccharides" class="size-full wp-image-95310" height="1000" src="https://data.ulearngo.com/assets/3297c28f-cc47-4ed3-8dee-582942303ee4" width="678"/></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Common disaccharides include maltose (grain sugar), lactose (milk sugar), and sucrose (table sugar). Image Attribution: OpenStax Biology / <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a></p></div>
<p>Common disaccharides include lactose, maltose, and sucrose (<a href="#attachment_95310">see image above</a>). Lactose is a disaccharide consisting of the <a data-lesson="introducing-biological-macromolecules" data-subject="biology" data-tutorial="biological-macromolecules" href="https://app.ulearngo.com/biology/biological-macromolecules/introducing-biological-macromolecules">monomers</a> glucose and galactose. You can find it naturally in milk. Maltose, or malt sugar, is a disaccharide formed by a dehydration reaction between two glucose molecules. The most common disaccharide is sucrose, or table sugar, which is composed of the monomers glucose and fructose.</p>

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Disaccharides

Biology studies life and living organisms. Biology can be divided into different sections that cover the morphology, physiology, anatomy, behavior, and so on of living organisms.

Biology

Discover the different types and functions of biological macromolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and explore their structures and synthesis through lessons on hydrolysis, disaccharides, protein structures, and DNA double-helix.


Disaccharides

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