Summary and Main Ideas
During interphase the DNA replicates. The process of mitosis occurs in four stages: prophase, metaphase; anaphase and telophase. Cancer is caused by DNA mutations. Abnormal and uncontrolled cell division results in tumour formation. See more main ideas.
Summary
Mitosis and the Cell Cycle
- During interphase the DNA replicates.
- The process of mitosis occurs in four stages: prophase, metaphase; anaphase and telophase.
- Cytokinesis differs in plant and animal cells. In animal cells the cytoplasm invaginates and divides the cell in two, and in a plant cell the cell is divided in two by the cell plate which forms the cell wall.
- Mitosis ensures growth of tissues and organisms.
- Damaged and worn out tissues are repaired and replaced by new cells through mitosis.
- Single-celled (unicellular) organisms like amoeba often reproduce asexually by mitosis.
Cancer
- Cancer is caused by DNA mutations.
- Abnormal and uncontrolled cell division results in tumour formation.
- Tumours affect the functioning of the tissue or organ.
- Cancer cells can enter the bloodstream or lymph and spread to distant parts of the body and form new tumours (metastasise).
- Cancers are caused by substances called carcinogens.
- Carcinogens such as certain chemicals, radiation, viruses and genetics can be the cause of certain cancers.
- Cancers can be treated by various methods including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and traditional medicines.
Optional Summary Video: The Cell Cycle and Cancer
The Amoeba Sisters video below summarizes the importance of the cell cycle and a real life example when it is not controlled: cancer.
This lesson is part of:
Introducing the Cell
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