<h2>Key Concepts and Summary</h2>
<p>Because of their chemical reactivity, it is necessary to produce the representative <a data-lesson="metals" data-subject="chemistry" data-tutorial="classification-of-matter" href="https://app.ulearngo.com/chemistry/classification-of-matter/metals">metals</a> in their pure forms by reduction from naturally occurring compounds. Electrolysis is important in the production of sodium, potassium, and aluminum. Chemical reduction is the primary method for the isolation of magnesium, zinc, and tin. Similar procedures are important for the other representative metals.</p>
<h2>Glossary</h2>
<h3>chemical reduction</h3>
<p>method of preparing a representative metal using a reducing agent</p>
<h3>Downs cell</h3>
<p>electrochemical cell used for the commercial preparation of metallic <a data-lesson="redox-reactions" data-subject="chemistry" data-tutorial="reactions-in-aqueous-solution" href="https://app.ulearngo.com/chemistry/reactions-in-aqueous-solution/redox-reactions">sodium</a> (and chlorine) from molten sodium chloride</p>
<h3>Hall–Héroult cell</h3>
<p>electrolysis apparatus used to isolate pure <a data-lesson="group-13" data-subject="chemistry" data-tutorial="metals-metalloids-nonmetals" href="https://app.ulearngo.com/chemistry/metals-metalloids-nonmetals/group-13">aluminum</a> metal from a <a data-lesson="dilute-and-concentrated-solutions" data-subject="chemistry" data-tutorial="acid-base-redox-reactions" href="https://app.ulearngo.com/chemistry/acid-base-redox-reactions/dilute-and-concentrated-solutions">solution</a> of alumina in molten cryolite</p>
<h3>Pidgeon process</h3>
<p>chemical reduction process used to produce magnesium through the thermal reaction of magnesium <a data-lesson="acid-and-metal-oxide" data-subject="chemistry" data-tutorial="acid-base-redox-reactions" href="https://app.ulearngo.com/chemistry/acid-base-redox-reactions/acid-and-metal-oxide">oxide</a> with silicon</p>

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Summarizing Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals

Chemistry generally explores the substances of which matter is composed, the investigation of their properties and reactions, and the use of such reactions to form new substances. 

Chemistry

Explore the periodicity of the elements and specific groups, summarize their occurrence and preparation, and learn about the structures and general properties of metals, metalloids, and nonmetals, including their various compounds, reactions, and applications.


Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals

Occurrence; Preparation; and Compounds of Hydrogen

Occurrence; Preparation; and Compounds of Oxygen

Occurrence; Preparation; and Properties of Carbonates

Occurrence; Preparation; and Properties of Halogens

Occurrence; Preparation; and Properties of Nitrogen

Occurrence; Preparation; and Properties of Phosphorus

Occurrence; Preparation; and Properties of Sulfur

Occurrence; Preparation; and Properties of the Noble Gases

Periodicity

Structure and General Properties of the Metalloids

Structure and General Properties of the Nonmetals

Summarizing Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals

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