The answer is c exploration,exploitation, refining and transportation chronological order deals with arrangement in order of time from the earliest to the latest in mining exploration which is about inquiring and studying the mineral to be mined comes first, followed by exploitation which deals with working/getting the mineral. refining comes after which is just about separating the minerals and removing unwanted material from it. transporting of the ruined minerals to another site then comes afterwards Option A is wrong because you don't work on minerals if you don't discover and study it first that explain exploitation coming before exploration Option B is wrong because transportation cannot come first in mining process due to the fact that mining hasn't been done so there is nothing mined to transport Option D is wrong because one needs to exploit the minerals to be mined before separating the minerals which refining stand for