Superposition of Pulses Example

Example:

Question

The two pulses shown below approach each other at \(\text{1}\) \(\text{m·s$^{-1}$}\). Draw what the waveform would look like after \(\text{1}\) \(\text{s}\), \(\text{2}\) \(\text{s}\) and \(\text{5}\) \(\text{s}\).

7da30003a8d9a36070d14dd06b6e48d9.png

Step 1: After \(\text{1}\) \(\text{s}\)

After \(\text{1}\) \(\text{s}\), pulse A has moved \(\text{1}\) \(\text{m}\) to the right and pulse B has moved \(\text{1}\) \(\text{m}\) to the left.

b45fec2bd7c22f7c8cfac5dca39c6d35.png

Step 2: After \(\text{2}\) \(\text{s}\)

After \(\text{1}\) \(\text{s}\) more, pulse A has moved \(\text{1}\) \(\text{m}\) to the right and pulse B has moved \(\text{1}\) \(\text{m}\) to the left.

2e60f770e9fe58f755820eac1234b1b4.png

Step 3: After \(\text{5}\) \(\text{s}\)

After \(\text{5}\) \(\text{s}\) more, pulse A has moved \(\text{5}\) \(\text{m}\) to the right and pulse B has moved \(\text{5}\) \(\text{m}\) to the left.

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Optional Experiment: Constructive and destructive interference

Aim

To demonstrate constructive and destructive interference

Apparatus

Ripple tank apparatus

Method

  1. Set up the ripple tank

  2. Produce a single pulse and observe what happens (you can do this any means, tapping the water with a finger, dropping a small object into the water, tapping a ruler or even using a electronic vibrator)

  3. Produce two pulses simultaneously and observe what happens

  4. Produce two pulses at slightly different times and observe what happens

Results and conclusion

You should observe that when you produce two pulses simultaneously you see them interfere constructively and when you produce two pulses at slightly different times you see them interfere destructively.

This lesson is part of:

Mechanical Waves and Sound

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